Review of the therapeutic neurofeedback method using electroencephalography: EEG Neurofeedback

Authors

  • Nina Omejc Department of Psychology, Faculty of Mathematics, Natural Sciences and Information Technologies, University of Primorska, Koper, Slovenia Graduate School of Neural and Behavioural Sciences, University of Tübingen, Germany
  • Bojan Rojc Department of Psychology, Faculty of Mathematics, Natural Sciences and Information Technologies, University of Primorska, Koper, Slovenia Department of Neurology, General Hospital Izola, Izola, Slovenia
  • Piero Paolo Battaglini Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
  • Uros Marusic Institute for Kinesiology Research, Science and Research Centre Koper, Koper, Slovenia Department of Health Sciences, Alma Mater Europaea – ECM, Maribor, Slovenia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.17305/bjbms.2018.3785

Keywords:

Biofeedback, electroencephalography, frequency neurofeedback training, coherence training, slow cortical potential training

Abstract

Electroencephalographic neurofeedback (EEG-NFB) represents a broadly used method that involves a real-time EEG signal measurement, immediate data processing with the extraction of the parameter(s) of interest, and feedback to the individual in a real-time. Using such a feedback loop, the individual may gain better control over the neurophysiological parameters, by inducing changes in brain functioning and, consequently, behavior. It is used as a complementary treatment for a variety of neuropsychological disorders and improvement of cognitive capabilities, creativity or relaxation in healthy subjects. In this review, various types of EEG-NFB training are described, including training of slow cortical potentials (SCPs) and frequency and coherence training, with their main results and potential limitations. Furthermore, some general concerns about EEG-NFB methodology are presented, which still need to be addressed by the NFB community. Due to the heterogeneity of research designs in EEG-NFB protocols, clear conclusions on the effectiveness of this method are difficult to draw. Despite that, there seems to be a well-defined path for the EEG-NFB research in the future, opening up possibilities for improvement.

Review of the therapeutic neurofeedback method using electroencephalography: EEG Neurofeedback

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Published

20-08-2019

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Reviews

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How to Cite

1.
Review of the therapeutic neurofeedback method using electroencephalography: EEG Neurofeedback. Biomol Biomed [Internet]. 2019 Aug. 20 [cited 2024 Mar. 29];19(3):213-20. Available from: https://www.bjbms.org/ojs/index.php/bjbms/article/view/3785