SARS-CoV-2 infection: Understanding the immune system abnormalities to get an adequate diagnosis

Authors

  • Karen Medina-Quero Laboratory of Immunology, Escuela Militar de Graduados de Sanidad, Mexico City, Mexico https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8663-6610
  • Omar Barreto-Rodriguez Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias “Ismael Cosio Villegas”, Mexico City, Mexico
  • Voltaire Mendez-Rodriguez Laboratory of Immunology, Escuela Militar de Graduados de Sanidad, Mexico City, Mexico https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1220-701X
  • Anahí Sanchez-Moncivais Laboratory of Immunology, Escuela Militar de Graduados de Sanidad, Mexico City, Mexico
  • Ivette Buendia-Roldan Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias “Ismael Cosio Villegas”, Mexico City, Mexico https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2825-506X
  • Leslie Chavez-Galan Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias “Ismael Cosio Villegas”, Mexico City, Mexico https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2334-0361

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.17305/bjbms.2020.5400

Keywords:

SARS-CoV-2, diagnosis, macrophage, lymphocyte, T-cells, inflammation, COVID-19

Abstract

COVID-19 is the current pandemic caused by the novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, that emerged from China at the end of December 2019. The scientific community is making extraordinary efforts to understand the virus structure and the pathophysiology and immunological processes activated in the host, in order to identify biomarkers, diagnostic tools, treatments, and vaccines to decrease COVID-19 incidence and mortality. Various abnormalities have been noted during SARS-CoV-2 infection both in lymphoid and myeloid cells. Such abnormalities may disturb the immune system function and cause a massive inflammatory response that impairs tissue function. This review discusses the close relationship between the immune system abnormalities and the broad spectrum of clinical manifestations, including fibrosis, in the context of COVID-19 disease. Moreover, we described the current strategies for COVID-19 diagnosis, and we provide a summary of the most useful clinical laboratory parameters to identify severe COVID-19 patients.

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SARS-CoV-2 infection: Understanding the immune system abnormalities to get an adequate diagnosis

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Published

01-10-2021

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Section

Review

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How to Cite

1.
SARS-CoV-2 infection: Understanding the immune system abnormalities to get an adequate diagnosis. Biomol Biomed [Internet]. 2021 Oct. 1 [cited 2024 Dec. 6];21(5):503-14. Available from: https://www.bjbms.org/ojs/index.php/bjbms/article/view/5400