The role of magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis and prognosis of dementia

Authors

  • Milica Živanović Center for Radiology, University Clinical Center Niš, Niš, Serbia https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1988-7249
  • Aleksandra Aracki Trenkić Center for Radiology, University Clinical Center Niš, Niš, Serbia; Faculty of Medicine, University of Niš, Niš, Serbia https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5018-5566
  • Vuk Milošević Faculty of Medicine, University of Niš, Niš, Serbia; Clinic of Neurology, University Clinical Center Niš, Niš, Serbia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2434-8277
  • Dragan Stojanov Center for Radiology, University Clinical Center Niš, Niš, Serbia; Faculty of Medicine, University of Niš, Niš, Serbia https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7693-5775
  • Miroslav Mišić College of Health Science, Academy for Applied Studies Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
  • Milica Radovanović Center for Radiology, University Clinical Center Niš, Niš, Serbia https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4503-4282
  • Vukota Radovanović Faculty of Medicine, University of Niš, Niš, Serbia https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8601-2464

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.17305/bjbms.2022.8085

Keywords:

Dementia, cognitive impairment, magnetic resonance imaging, arterial spin labeling

Abstract

Dementia is a syndrome characterized by multidomain acquired chronic cognitive impairment that has a profound impact on daily life. Neurogenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease or nondegenerative diseases such as vascular dementia are considered to cause dementia. The need for further diagnostic improvement originates from the prevalence of these conditions, especially in developed countries with a predominance of the elderly population. Today, the diagnosis and follow-up of all neurodegenerative diseases cannot be performed without radiological imaging, primarily magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The introduction of 3T MRI and its modern techniques, such as arterial spin labeling, has enabled better visualization of morphologic changes in dementia. For better diagnosis and follow-up in patients with dementia, various semiquantitative scales have been designed to improve the accuracy of assessment and decrease interobserver variability. Moreover, there is a growing need for MRI in the assessment of novel therapies and their side effects. To better apply MRI findings in the diagnosis of both already developed dementia and its early stages, the aim of this paper is to review the available literature and summarize the specific MRI changes.

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Author Biography

  • Dragan Stojanov, Center for Radiology, University Clinical Center Niš, Niš, Serbia; Faculty of Medicine, University of Niš, Niš, Serbia

    Full Professor, MD PhD

The role of magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis and prognosis of dementia

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Published

16-03-2023

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Section

Review

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How to Cite

1.
The role of magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis and prognosis of dementia. Biomol Biomed [Internet]. 2023 Mar. 16 [cited 2024 Dec. 6];23(2):209–224. Available from: https://www.bjbms.org/ojs/index.php/bjbms/article/view/8085