Clinical significance of a novel inflammatory-nutritional index in glaucoma severity evaluation

Xiao Xiao; Yanping Gao; Gao Zhang; Zuo  Wang; An  Li; Donghua  Liu; Jing  Fu; Wenbo  Xiu; Chang  Lu; Jinxia Wang; Xiong  Zhu; Yang  Chen; Lingling  Chen; Bolin Deng; Ping  Shuai; Chong He; Fang Lu

doi:10.17305/bb.2025.12374

Authors

Xiao Xiao Clinical Immunology Translational Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5931-5945
Yanping Gao Core Laboratory, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
Gao Zhang Clinical Immunology Translational Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
Zuo Wang Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
An Li Clinical Immunology Translational Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
Donghua Liu Clinical Immunology Translational Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China; Health Management Center, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
Jing Fu Clinical Immunology Translational Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
Wenbo Xiu Clinical Immunology Translational Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
Chang Lu Department of Electronic Communication and Technology, Shenzhen Institute of Information Technology, Shenzhen, China
Jinxia Wang Clinical Immunology Translational Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
Xiong Zhu Department of Prenatal Diagnosis, Chengdu Women’s and Children’s Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
Yang Chen Clinical Immunology Translational Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
Lingling Chen Department of Immunology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
Bolin Deng Department of Ophthalmology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
Ping Shuai Health Management Center, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
Chong He Clinical Immunology Translational Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China; Medico-Engineering Cooperation on Applied Medicine Research Center, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
Fang Lu Clinical Immunology Translational Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China; Core Laboratory, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China; Medico-Engineering Cooperation on Applied Medicine Research Center, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.17305/bb.2025.12374

Keywords:

Glaucoma, albumin, Alb, lymphocyte rate, biomarker, systemic inflammation

Abstract

This study investigated the association between glaucoma and serum albumin (Alb), lymphocyte percentage (LYMPH%), and their combined index (LAP = LYMPH% × Alb), to evaluate their potential as biomarkers for systemic inflammation and disease progression in glaucoma. We enrolled 161 glaucoma patients and 181 healthy controls. Serum Alb and LYMPH% were measured using standard blood biochemistry and routine tests, and LAP was calculated accordingly. Statistical analyses were performed to compare these markers between groups and assess their correlation with disease severity. Both the median serum Alb level and peripheral blood LYMPH% were significantly lower in the glaucoma group compared to controls (Alb: 43.48 g/L vs 44.63 g/L, P < 0.001; LYMPH%: 24.25% vs 29.12%, P < 0.001). Correspondingly, LAP levels were also significantly reduced in glaucoma patients (1053 vs 1298, P < 0.001). Lower LYMPH% and LAP levels were associated with more severe glaucomatous visual impairment (LAP, healthy controls vs glaucoma: AUC = 0.7080, P < 0.001, Max Youden = 0.3621; early vs severe glaucoma: AUC = 0.8061, P < 0.001, Max Youden = 0.5377). In summary, LAP may serve as a supportive biomarker of systemic inflammation in glaucoma. It demonstrates good accuracy in reflecting glaucoma severity and shows potential for monitoring disease progression.